Общая полиция Витебской губернии в конце XIX – начале XX в.

Abstract

Целью данной статьи является анализ изменений в структуре общей полиции Витебской губернии в конце XIX - начале XX в. в контексте подготовки полицейской реформы. = The article analyses the changes in the structure of general police in Vitebsk Province in the late XIX th – early XX th centuries. It is claimed that the police could not be used for effective political control over the population. Modernization of police institutions was far behind the economic growth and social changes. The political crisis of 1905–1907 stimulated some reorganization in the police structure. In particular, in Vitebsk Province the uyezd (provincial) police watch was quickly established and the number of city police units was increased, too. However, major police reform was not carried out. On the eve of the war, criminal investigation department and mounted police watch were created in Vitebsk Povince. World War I didn’t lead to strengthening of the police apparatus in the Province. On the eve of the Russian Revolution of 1917, new structure of city and county police departments was approved. However, this measure did not change fundamentally the police status and did not meet the political conditions of the country.